Spine and Spinal Disorders

Spine Infection

Spine infection is caused by the bacteria, virus, fungus or infections can occur after the surgery and infection occurs 1to 4 percent of surgical cases. Spine infection is usually caused by the bacteria and spread to the blood stream into vertebral discs and affect this area causing discitis, the disc space degenerates as the infection progresses. Poor immune system of patients makes susceptible to the spine infection. Diagnosis is done by imaging tools with advanced technology.20 percent of people die by spine infection despite of treatment advances every year.Spine infection, also known as spinal infection or vertebral osteomyelitis, is a serious medical condition characterized by the presence of infectious agents within the spinal column. These infections can affect various structures of the spine, including the vertebrae, intervertebral discs, spinal cord, and surrounding soft tissues. Spine infections can be caused by bacteria, fungi, or, less commonly, viruses, and they typically occur as a result of hematogenous spread from another site of infection, direct inoculation during spinal procedures or surgery, or local extension from adjacent infected tissues. Symptoms of spine infection may include localized back pain, fever, chills, swelling, redness, warmth at the site of infection, and neurological deficits such as weakness, numbness, or tingling sensations. In severe cases, spinal infections can lead to spinal cord compression, epidural abscess formation, and neurological complications, including paralysis. Diagnosis of spine infection often involves a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging studies such as X-rays, MRI scans, and laboratory tests to identify the causative organism. Treatment typically involves a combination of antimicrobial therapy, either antibiotics or antifungal medications, and sometimes surgical intervention to drain abscesses, debride infected tissues, and stabilize the spine. Early detection and prompt treatment are essential to prevent complications and preserve spinal function in patients with spine infections. Long-term management may involve prolonged antibiotic therapy, rehabilitation, and monitoring for recurrence or complications.