Spine and Spinal Disorders

Spinal cord injury

A spinal cord injury is damage to the spinal cord due to which loss of muscle function, sensation occurs. Is medically complex and life-threatening condition where global incidence is about 40 to 80 cases per million population and every year around the world 250000 to 500000 people suffers from Spinal Cord Injury. There are distinct types of spinal cord injuries like incomplete spinal cord injury-cord is partially severed, Complete spinal cord injury-cord is fully severed. Spinal cord injury is usually caused due to the act of violence, alcoholism, sports and recreation injuries. It includes tetraplegia, paraplegia, nerve pain, pneumonia, chronic pain. A spinal cord injury (SCI) occurs when there is damage to the spinal cord, resulting in temporary or permanent changes in its function. This injury can lead to a range of symptoms, from mild sensory disturbances to complete paralysis, depending on the location and severity of the damage. SCI often results from traumatic events such as motor vehicle accidents, falls, sports injuries, or violence. Non-traumatic causes, such as infections, tumors, or degenerative diseases, can also lead to spinal cord damage. The consequences of SCI can be profound, affecting not only physical function but also emotional well-being and social participation. Common symptoms include loss of sensation, muscle weakness or paralysis, changes in bowel and bladder function, sexual dysfunction, chronic pain, and respiratory problems. Management of SCI requires a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach, involving acute medical care, rehabilitation, and long-term support. Immediate medical interventions aim to stabilize the spine and prevent further damage. Rehabilitation focuses on maximizing function, independence, and quality of life through physical therapy, occupational therapy, and other supportive services. Assistive devices, mobility aids, and adaptive equipment may also be prescribed to facilitate daily activities and mobility.

While advancements in medical care and rehabilitation have improved outcomes for individuals with SCI, it remains a life-altering condition that requires ongoing support and management. Research efforts continue to explore new treatments and interventions aimed at enhancing recovery and improving long-term outcomes for those affected by spinal cord injury.